Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Vocabulary Size of Senior High School ESL Learners
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20162714Keywords:
Vocabulary learning strategies, vocabulary size, ESL learners, inferencing strategies, contextual learning, senior high school students, vocabulary acquisitionAbstract
Vocabulary development continues to be one of the most important yet challenging aspects of learning English among Senior High School students in ESL classrooms. While many learners can communicate using basic English, difficulties often arise when they encounter academic and low-frequency vocabulary needed for higher-level reading comprehension and communication. This study examined the vocabulary learning strategies and vocabulary size of Senior High School students in Burgos, Isabela, and used the findings as the basis for the development of a skills worktext in vocabulary learning. The study employed a quantitative descriptive-correlational research design involving 173 Grade 11 and Grade 12 students. Data were collected using a validated Vocabulary Learning Strategies Questionnaire and Vocabulary Size Test. Frequency count, weighted mean, t-test, Pearson-r correlation, and Cronbach’s Alpha were utilized in analyzing the gathered data. The findings showed that respondents demonstrated mastery at the 2,000-word and 3,000-word levels, while proficiency gradually declined at the 5,000-word and 10,000-word levels. Students commonly relied on dictionary use, inferencing, and contextual learning strategies. Results further revealed that contextual learning, inferencing, metacognitive regulation, activation, and dictionary strategies were significantly associated with vocabulary size, whereas repetitive memorization strategies showed weaker relationships. The study suggests that students develop vocabulary more effectively when learning involves meaningful context, active engagement, and practical language use. Based on the findings, a five-module skills worktext was developed to strengthen vocabulary learning strategies and improve vocabulary growth among ESL learners.
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